West and Central Africa: Late

As the trans-Saharan trade continued to flourish, West and Central Africa experienced significant cultural, economic, and political developments.

The Kingdom of Kongo

The Kingdom of Kongo, located in the area of modern-day Angola and the Democratic Republic of Congo, emerged as a powerful state in the 14th century.

"The Kongo kingdom was a powerful and wealthy state, with a strong economy based on agriculture, trade, and slavery."

The kingdom was known for its complex system of government, which included a king, a council of advisors, and a system of administrators.

The Kongo kingdom was a major center of trade, with connections to the Atlantic coast and the interior of Africa.
The kingdom was also a major center of learning, with a strong tradition of oral literature and a developing system of writing.

The Hausa Kingdoms

The Hausa kingdoms, located in the area of modern-day Nigeria and Niger, emerged as a powerful state in the 15th century.

"The Hausa kingdoms were a collection of city-states that were united under a single ruler, the Sarkin Hausa."

The Hausa kingdoms were known for their strong system of government, which included a king, a council of advisors, and a system of administrators.

The Hausa kingdoms were a major center of trade, with connections to the trans-Saharan trade and the Atlantic coast.
The kingdoms were also a major center of learning, with a strong tradition of oral literature and a developing system of writing.

Author's Resume

This article provides an overview of the late developments in West and Central Africa, including the emergence of the Kingdom of Kongo and the Hausa kingdoms.

The article highlights the significant cultural, economic, and political developments that took place in the region during this period.

OCHA — 2025-11-25